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	<title>VGCCs Archives - EMFSA</title>
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	<item>
		<title>Deuterium depleted water &#8211; Super Dads – Gábor Somlyai</title>
		<link>https://www.emfsa.co.za/news/deuterium-depleted-water-super-dads-gabor-somlyai/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Editor]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 30 Nov 2018 16:29:41 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[News]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Calcium blockers]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Cancer]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Deuterium]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Mitochondria]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[nnEMF]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[VGCCs]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Voltage Gated Calcium Channels]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.emfsa.co.za/?p=6739</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>Deuterium: A piece of the puzzle Gábor Somlyai [ https://preventa.org/ ] graduated as a biologist at the József Attila University (now University of Szeged) in 1982. Between 1982 and 1990 he worked for the Department of Plant Pathology, Plant Protection Institute of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences. From 1983 to 1986 he had a scholarship [&#8230;]</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://www.emfsa.co.za/news/deuterium-depleted-water-super-dads-gabor-somlyai/">Deuterium depleted water &#8211; Super Dads – Gábor Somlyai</a> appeared first on <a href="https://www.emfsa.co.za">EMFSA</a>.</p>
]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Deuterium: A piece of the puzzle</p>
<blockquote class="wp-embedded-content" data-secret="S3CICKoueW"><p><a href="http://nicheradio.co.za/2018/11/20/super-dads-gabor-somlyai/">Super Dads &#8211; Gábor Somlyai</a></p></blockquote>
<p><iframe class="wp-embedded-content" sandbox="allow-scripts" security="restricted"  src="https://nicheradio.co.za/2018/11/20/super-dads-gabor-somlyai/embed/#?secret=S3CICKoueW" data-secret="S3CICKoueW" width="600" height="338" title="&#8220;Super Dads &#8211; Gábor Somlyai&#8221; &#8212; Niche Radio" frameborder="0" marginwidth="0" marginheight="0" scrolling="no"></iframe></p>
<p>Gábor Somlyai [ <a href="https://preventa.org/"><u>https://preventa.org/</u></a> ] graduated as a biologist at the József Attila University (now University of Szeged) in 1982. Between 1982 and 1990 he worked for the Department of Plant Pathology, Plant Protection Institute of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences. From 1983 to 1986 he had a scholarship of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences as a postgraduate student for obtaining PhD.</p>
<p>In 1988 he defended his thesis in molecular biology. In the same year Dr. Somlyai spent 6 months at the Georg-August University in Göttingen with a DFG scholarship and from the end of 1988 he held a postdoctoral fellowship at the University of Missouri (Columbia, Missouri, USA), where he worked in the field of genetic engineering and gene mapping.</p>
<p>In the wake of the Hungarian Nobel-prize winning scientist Albert Szent-Györgyi – who said that the true cause of cancer should be looked for at the sub-molecular level – Dr. Somlyai began his investigations in 1990 as a senior research fellow at the Hungarian Institute of Oncology, examining the biological importance of naturally occurring deuterium.</p>
<p>In 1993 he established HYD Ltd. for Research and Development (now HYD LLC. for Cancer Research and Drug Development) to carry out anticancer research and drug development based on the proprietary procedure, deuterium depletion and to start drug registration. Between 1993 and 1997 he was the scientific director of HYD Ltd., from 1997 he became the CEO of the company. In 2012 he also began serving as the general director of HYD’s parent company, HYD Pharma Inc.</p>
<p>In 2000 his book entitled &#8220;Defeating cancer!” appeared in Hungary. Since then, it has been published in Romania, Japan, the USA, in South-Korea and in China. Gábor Somlyai wrote numerous scientific publications in Hungarian, English and German languages and is a recognized speaker at international conferences.</p>
<p><b>Books: </b></p>
<p>Defeating Cancer!: The Biological Effect of Deuterium Depletion</p>
<p><iframe width="1150" height="647" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/NFzUA2GyPjU?feature=oembed" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen></iframe></p>
<p><img fetchpriority="high" decoding="async" class="aligncenter wp-image-6741 size-full" src="https://www.emfsa.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Deuterium-depleted-water.jpg" alt="" width="640" height="360" srcset="https://www.emfsa.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Deuterium-depleted-water.jpg 640w, https://www.emfsa.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Deuterium-depleted-water-300x169.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px" /></p>
<p><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="aligncenter wp-image-6743 size-full" src="https://www.emfsa.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Deuterium-depleted-water-2.jpg" alt="" width="640" height="360" srcset="https://www.emfsa.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Deuterium-depleted-water-2.jpg 640w, https://www.emfsa.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Deuterium-depleted-water-2-300x169.jpg 300w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px" /></p>
<p>The post <a href="https://www.emfsa.co.za/news/deuterium-depleted-water-super-dads-gabor-somlyai/">Deuterium depleted water &#8211; Super Dads – Gábor Somlyai</a> appeared first on <a href="https://www.emfsa.co.za">EMFSA</a>.</p>
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		<title>Effects of mobile phone exposure on metabolomics in the male and female reproductive systems</title>
		<link>https://www.emfsa.co.za/research-and-studies/effects-mobile-phone-exposure-metabolomics-male-female-reproductive-systems/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Editor]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 12 Jun 2018 21:06:17 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Research and Studies]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Cell Membrane]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Cell phones]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[DNA Damage]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[EMF]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Mobile phones]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Oogenesis]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Protein Misfolding]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Reproduction]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[ROS]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Spermatogenesis]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[VGCCs]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.emfsa.co.za/?p=5150</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>Altun G, Deniz OG, Yurt KK, Davis D, Kaplan S. Effects of mobile phone exposure on metabolomics in the male and female reproductive systems. Environmental Research. Available online 5 June 2018. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2018.02.031 Highlights • Long-term exposure to EMF decreases sperm motility and fertilization. • Effects of EMF emitted from mobile phones are related to protein [&#8230;]</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://www.emfsa.co.za/research-and-studies/effects-mobile-phone-exposure-metabolomics-male-female-reproductive-systems/">Effects of mobile phone exposure on metabolomics in the male and female reproductive systems</a> appeared first on <a href="https://www.emfsa.co.za">EMFSA</a>.</p>
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										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="gmail_quote"><span id="m_8933645369756305358m_2904791081177361625m_3824249639633464605m_-1231020729824515704gmail-m_-6385048565926556277gmail-docs-internal-guid-065ad563-da16-38e5-c5d4-af7b7209aaee">Altun G, Deniz OG, Yurt KK, Davis D, Kaplan S. <span class="m_8933645369756305358m_2904791081177361625m_3824249639633464605m_-1231020729824515704gmail-il">Effects</span> of mobile <span class="m_8933645369756305358m_2904791081177361625m_3824249639633464605m_-1231020729824515704gmail-il">phone</span> <span class="m_8933645369756305358m_2904791081177361625m_3824249639633464605m_-1231020729824515704gmail-il">exposure</span> on metabolomics in the male and female <span class="m_8933645369756305358m_2904791081177361625m_3824249639633464605m_-1231020729824515704gmail-il">reproductive</span> systems. Environmental Research. Available online 5 June 2018. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2018.02.031">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2018.02.031</a><br />
</span></div>
<div></div>
<div>Highlights</div>
<div>• Long-term exposure to EMF decreases sperm motility and fertilization.</div>
<div>• Effects of EMF emitted from mobile phones are related to protein synthesis.<br />
• Oxidative stress based EMF exposure modulates nitric oxide level in the germ cells.<br />
• Oxidative stress based EMF exposure inhibits antioxidant mechanisms in the germ cells.</div>
<div></div>
<div class="gmail_quote"><span id="m_8933645369756305358m_2904791081177361625m_3824249639633464605m_-1231020729824515704gmail-m_-6385048565926556277gmail-docs-internal-guid-065ad563-da16-38e5-c5d4-af7b7209aaee">Abstract</span></div>
<div class="gmail_quote"><span id="m_8933645369756305358m_2904791081177361625m_3824249639633464605m_-1231020729824515704gmail-m_-6385048565926556277gmail-docs-internal-guid-065ad563-da16-38e5-c5d4-af7b7209aaee"></span>With current advances in technology, a number of epidemiological and experimental studies have reported a broad range of adverse effects of electromagnetic fields (EMF) on human health. Multiple cellular mechanisms have been proposed as direct causes or contributors to these biological effects. EMF-induced alterations in cellular levels can activate voltage-gated calcium channels and lead to the formation of free radicals, protein misfolding and DNA damage. Because rapidly dividing germ cells go through meiosis and mitosis, they are more sensitive to EMF in contrast to other slower-growing cell types. In this review, possible mechanistic pathways of the effects of EMF exposure on fertilization, oogenesis and spermatogenesis are discussed. In addition, the present review also evaluates metabolomic effects of GSM-modulated EMFs on the male and female reproductive systems in recent human and animal studies. In this context, experimental and epidemiological studies which examine the impact of mobile phone radiation on the processes of oogenesis and spermatogenesis are examined in line with current approaches.<br />
Conclusion<br />
EMF emitted by mobile phones has a number of well-documented adverse metabolomic effects on the male and female reproductive systems and can lead to infertility by increasing ROS production and reducing GSH and other antioxidants. The primary target of the EMF emitted by mobile phones may be the cell membrane (Pall in press, this volume). This then results in accelerated activity of membrane NADH oxidase and, consequently, greater rates of ROS formation that cannot be easily conjugated or detoxified. Although many studies have reported morphological and functional deteriorations in testis and ovary following EMF exposures, as well both structural and functional deficits in reproductive health, the underlying mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. To assist in further clarification of these processes and mechanisms, Table 1 summarizes key studies on the metabolomic effects of EMF on reproductive systems. Future studies will benefit greatly from standardized exposure protocols and evaluations of key metabolomic indicators.</div>
<div class="gmail_quote"><span id="m_8933645369756305358m_2904791081177361625m_3824249639633464605m_-1231020729824515704gmail-m_-6385048565926556277gmail-docs-internal-guid-065ad563-da16-38e5-c5d4-af7b7209aaee"></span><span id="m_8933645369756305358m_2904791081177361625m_3824249639633464605m_-1231020729824515704gmail-m_-6385048565926556277gmail-docs-internal-guid-065ad563-da16-38e5-c5d4-af7b7209aaee"><a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0013935118300999" target="_blank" rel="noopener" data-saferedirecturl="https://www.google.com/url?hl=en&amp;q=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0013935118300999&amp;source=gmail&amp;ust=1528917056943000&amp;usg=AFQjCNERXuqd1uKoI6_4j8P_IgOqHPmpNQ">https://www.sciencedirect.<wbr />com/science/article/pii/<wbr />S0013935118300999</a> </span></div>
<p>The post <a href="https://www.emfsa.co.za/research-and-studies/effects-mobile-phone-exposure-metabolomics-male-female-reproductive-systems/">Effects of mobile phone exposure on metabolomics in the male and female reproductive systems</a> appeared first on <a href="https://www.emfsa.co.za">EMFSA</a>.</p>
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		<title>Wi-Fi is an important threat to human health</title>
		<link>https://www.emfsa.co.za/research-and-studies/wi-fi-important-threat-human-health/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Editor]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 23 Mar 2018 15:24:38 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Research and Studies]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Brain]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[EMF]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Oxidative Stress]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Sperm]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Testes]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[VGCCs]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Wi-Fi]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[WiFi]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.emfsa.co.za/?p=4539</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>Martin L. Pall, Wi-Fi is an important threat to human health, Environmental Research, Volume 164, 2018, Pages 405-416, ISSN 0013-9351, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2018.01.035. (https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0013935118300355) Abstract Repeated Wi-Fi studies show that Wi-Fi causes oxidative stress, sperm/testicular damage, neuropsychiatric effects including EEG changes, apoptosis, cellular DNA damage, endocrine changes, and calcium overload. Each of these effects are also caused [&#8230;]</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://www.emfsa.co.za/research-and-studies/wi-fi-important-threat-human-health/">Wi-Fi is an important threat to human health</a> appeared first on <a href="https://www.emfsa.co.za">EMFSA</a>.</p>
]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Martin L. Pall, Wi-Fi is an important threat to human health, Environmental Research, Volume 164, 2018, Pages 405-416,<br />
ISSN 0013-9351, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2018.01.035.<br />
(https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0013935118300355)</p>
<p><span style="color: revert; font-size: revert; font-weight: revert;">Abstract</span></p>
<div class="abstract svAbstract " data-etype="ab">
<p id="sp0025">Repeated Wi-Fi studies show that Wi-Fi causes oxidative stress, sperm/testicular damage, neuropsychiatric effects including EEG changes, apoptosis, cellular DNA damage, endocrine changes, and calcium overload. Each of these effects are also caused by exposures to other microwave frequency EMFs, with each such effect being documented in from 10 to 16 reviews. Therefore, each of these seven EMF effects are established effects of Wi-Fi and of other microwave frequency EMFs. Each of these seven is also produced by downstream effects of the main action of such EMFs, voltage-gated calcium channel (VGCC) activation. While VGCC activation via EMF interaction with the VGCC voltage sensor seems to be the predominant mechanism of action of EMFs, other mechanisms appear to have minor roles. Minor roles include activation of other voltage-gated ion channels, calcium cyclotron resonance and the geomagnetic magnetoreception mechanism. Five properties of non-thermal EMF effects are discussed. These are that pulsed EMFs are, in most cases, more active than are non-pulsed EMFs; artificial EMFs are polarized and such polarized EMFs are much more active than non-polarized EMFs; dose-response curves are non-linear and non-monotone; EMF effects are often cumulative; and EMFs may impact young people more than adults. These general findings and data presented earlier on Wi-Fi effects were used to assess the Foster and Moulder (F&amp;M) review of Wi-Fi. The F&amp;M study claimed that there were seven important studies of Wi-Fi that each showed no effect. However, none of these were Wi-Fi studies, with each differing from genuine Wi-Fi in three distinct ways. F&amp;M could, at most conclude that there was no statistically significant evidence of an effect. The tiny numbers studied in each of these seven F&amp;M-linked studies show that each of them lack power to make any substantive conclusions. In conclusion, there are seven repeatedly found Wi-Fi effects which have also been shown to be caused by other similar EMF exposures. Each of the seven should be considered, therefore, as established effects of Wi-Fi.</p>
<p><a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0013935118300355">https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0013935118300355</a></p>
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<p>The post <a href="https://www.emfsa.co.za/research-and-studies/wi-fi-important-threat-human-health/">Wi-Fi is an important threat to human health</a> appeared first on <a href="https://www.emfsa.co.za">EMFSA</a>.</p>
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		<title>The implications of non-linear biological oscillations on human electrophysiology for electrohypersensitivity (EHS) and multiple chemical sensitivity (MCS).</title>
		<link>https://www.emfsa.co.za/ehs/implications-non-linear-biological-oscillations-human-electrophysiology-electrohypersensitivity-ehs-multiple-chemical-sensitivity-mcs/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Editor]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 09 Mar 2018 16:43:05 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[EHS Electrohypersensitivity]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Biomarkers]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[EHS]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[EMF]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[EMR]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[MCS]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[VGCCs]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.emfsa.co.za/?p=4363</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>Sage C. The implications of non-linear biological oscillations on human electrophysiology for electrohypersensitivity (EHS) and multiple chemical sensitivity (MCS). Rev Environ Health. 2015;30(4):293-303. doi: 10.1515/reveh-2015-0007. PMID: 26368042. Abstract The &#8216;informational content&#8217; of Earth&#8217;s electromagnetic signaling is like a set of operating instructions for human life. These environmental cues are dynamic and involve exquisitely low inputs [&#8230;]</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://www.emfsa.co.za/ehs/implications-non-linear-biological-oscillations-human-electrophysiology-electrohypersensitivity-ehs-multiple-chemical-sensitivity-mcs/">The implications of non-linear biological oscillations on human electrophysiology for electrohypersensitivity (EHS) and multiple chemical sensitivity (MCS).</a> appeared first on <a href="https://www.emfsa.co.za">EMFSA</a>.</p>
]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="auths">Sage C. The implications of non-linear biological oscillations on human electrophysiology for electrohypersensitivity (EHS) and multiple chemical sensitivity (MCS). Rev Environ Health. 2015;30(4):293-303. doi: 10.1515/reveh-2015-0007. PMID: 26368042.</div>
<div></div>
<div class="auths"><span style="color: revert; font-size: revert; font-weight: revert;">Abstract</span></div>
<div class="abstr">
<div class="">
<p>The &#8216;informational content&#8217; of Earth&#8217;s electromagnetic signaling is like a set of operating instructions for human life. These environmental cues are dynamic and involve exquisitely low inputs (intensities) of critical frequencies with which all life on Earth evolved. Circadian and other temporal biological rhythms depend on these fluctuating electromagnetic inputs to direct gene expression, cell communication and metabolism, neural development, brainwave activity, neural synchrony, a diversity of immune functions, sleep and wake cycles, behavior and cognition. Oscillation is also a universal phenomenon, and biological systems of the heart, brain and gut are dependent on the cooperative actions of cells that function according to principles of non-linear, coupled biological oscillations for their synchrony. They are dependent on exquisitely timed cues from the environment at vanishingly small levels. Altered &#8216;informational content&#8217; of environmental cues can swamp natural electromagnetic cues and result in dysregulation of normal biological rhythms that direct growth, development, metabolism and repair mechanisms. Pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMF) and radiofrequency radiation (RFR) can have the devastating biological effects of disrupting homeostasis and desynchronizing normal biological rhythms that maintain health. Non-linear, weak field biological oscillations govern body electrophysiology, organize cell and tissue functions and maintain organ systems. Artificial bioelectrical interference can give false information (disruptive signaling) sufficient to affect critical pacemaker cells (of the heart, gut and brain) and desynchronize functions of these important cells that orchestrate function and maintain health. Chronic physiological stress undermines homeostasis whether it is chemically induced or electromagnetically induced (or both exposures are simultaneous contributors). This can eventually break down adaptive biological responses critical to health maintenance; and resilience can be compromised. Electrohypersensitivity can be caused by successive assaults on human bioelectrochemical dynamics from exogenous electromagnetic fields (EMF) and RFR or a single acute exposure. Once sensitized, further exposures are widely reported to cause reactivity to lower and lower intensities of EMF/RFR, at which point thousand-fold lower levels can cause adverse health impacts to the electrosensitive person. Electrohypersensitivity (EHS) can be a precursor to, or linked with, multiple chemical sensitivity (MCS) based on reports of individuals who first develop one condition, then rapidly develop the other. Similarity of chemical biomarkers is seen in both conditions [histamines, markers of oxidative stress, auto-antibodies, heat shock protein (HSP), melatonin markers and leakage of the blood-brain barrier]. Low intensity pulsed microwave activation of voltage-gated calcium channels (VGCCs) is postulated as a mechanism of action for non-thermal health effects.</p>
<p><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26368042/">https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26368042/</a></p>
</div>
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<p>The post <a href="https://www.emfsa.co.za/ehs/implications-non-linear-biological-oscillations-human-electrophysiology-electrohypersensitivity-ehs-multiple-chemical-sensitivity-mcs/">The implications of non-linear biological oscillations on human electrophysiology for electrohypersensitivity (EHS) and multiple chemical sensitivity (MCS).</a> appeared first on <a href="https://www.emfsa.co.za">EMFSA</a>.</p>
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		<title>Microwave frequency electromagnetic fields (EMFs) produce widespread neuropsychiatric effects including depression</title>
		<link>https://www.emfsa.co.za/research-and-studies/microwave-frequency-electromagnetic-fields-emfs-produce-widespread-neuropsychiatric-effects-including-depression/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Editor]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 28 Feb 2018 23:15:56 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Research and Studies]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Brain]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Depression]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Insomnia]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Neuroendocrine]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Neuropsychiatric]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Neurotransmitters]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Non thermal effects]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Peripheral Nervous System]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[VGCCs]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.emfsa.co.za/?p=4311</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>Martin L.Pall doi.org/10.1016/j.jchemneu.2015.08.001 Abstract Non-thermal microwave/lower frequency electromagnetic fields (EMFs) act via voltage-gated calcium channel (VGCC) activation. Calcium channel blockers block EMF effects and several types of additional evidence confirm this mechanism. Low intensity microwave EMFs have been proposed to produce neuropsychiatric effects, sometimes called microwave syndrome, and the focus of this review is whether [&#8230;]</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://www.emfsa.co.za/research-and-studies/microwave-frequency-electromagnetic-fields-emfs-produce-widespread-neuropsychiatric-effects-including-depression/">Microwave frequency electromagnetic fields (EMFs) produce widespread neuropsychiatric effects including depression</a> appeared first on <a href="https://www.emfsa.co.za">EMFSA</a>.</p>
]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><span class="content"><span class="text given-name">Martin L.</span><span class="text surname">Pall</span></span></p>
<p><a href="http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jchemneu.2015.08.001">doi.org/10.1016/j.jchemneu.2015.08.001</a></p>
<div id="abs0010" class="abstract author">
<h5 class="section-title">Abstract</h5>
<div id="abst0010">
<p id="spar0010">Non-thermal microwave/lower frequency electromagnetic fields (EMFs) act via voltage-gated calcium channel (VGCC) activation. Calcium channel blockers block EMF effects and several types of additional evidence confirm this mechanism. Low intensity microwave EMFs have been proposed to produce neuropsychiatric effects, sometimes called microwave syndrome, and the focus of this review is whether these are indeed well documented and consistent with the known mechanism(s) of action of such EMFs. VGCCs occur in very high densities throughout the nervous system and have near universal roles in release of neurotransmitters and neuroendocrine hormones. Soviet and Western literature shows that much of the impact of non-thermal microwave exposures in experimental animals occurs in the brain and peripheral nervous system, such that nervous system histology and function show diverse and substantial changes. These may be generated through roles of VGCC activation, producing excessive neurotransmitter/neuroendocrine release as well as oxidative/nitrosative stress and other responses. Excessive VGCC activity has been shown from genetic polymorphism studies to have roles in producing neuropsychiatric changes in humans. Two U.S. government reports from the 1970s to 1980s provide evidence for many neuropsychiatric effects of non-thermal microwave EMFs, based on occupational exposure studies. 18 more recent epidemiological studies, provide substantial evidence that microwave EMFs from cell/mobile phone base stations, excessive cell/mobile phone usage and from wireless smart meters can each produce similar patterns of neuropsychiatric effects, with several of these studies showing clear dose–response relationships. Lesser evidence from 6 additional studies suggests that short wave, radio station, occupational and digital TV antenna exposures may produce similar neuropsychiatric effects. Among the more commonly reported changes are sleep disturbance/insomnia, headache, depression/depressive symptoms, fatigue/tiredness, dysesthesia, concentration/attention dysfunction, memory changes, dizziness, irritability, loss of appetite/body weight, restlessness/anxiety, nausea, skin burning/tingling/dermographism and EEG changes. In summary, then, the mechanism of action of microwave EMFs, the role of the VGCCs in the brain, the impact of non-thermal EMFs on the brain, extensive epidemiological studies performed over the past 50 years, and five criteria testing for causality, all collectively show that various non-thermal microwave EMF exposures produce diverse neuropsychiatric effects.</p>
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<h4 class="section-title">Highlights</h4>
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<dt class="list-label">•</dt>
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<p id="par0005">Microwave EMFs activate voltage-gated Ca2+ channels (VGCCs) concentrated in the brain.</p>
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<p id="par0010">Animal studies show such low level MWV EMFs have diverse high impacts in the brain.</p>
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<p id="par0015">VGCC activity causes widespread neuropsychiatric effects in humans (genetic studies).</p>
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<p id="par0020">26 studies have EMFs assoc. with neuropsychiatric effects; 5 criteria show causality.</p>
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<p id="par0025">MWV EMFs cause at least 13 neuropsychiatric effects including depression in humans.</p>
<p>Link to pdf:</p>
<p><a href="https://www.emfsa.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/1-s2.0-S0891061815000599-main.pdf">1-s2.0-S0891061815000599-main</a></dd>
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<p>The post <a href="https://www.emfsa.co.za/research-and-studies/microwave-frequency-electromagnetic-fields-emfs-produce-widespread-neuropsychiatric-effects-including-depression/">Microwave frequency electromagnetic fields (EMFs) produce widespread neuropsychiatric effects including depression</a> appeared first on <a href="https://www.emfsa.co.za">EMFSA</a>.</p>
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