Abstract

Study objective: To evaluate the independent association between sleep disordered breathing (SDB) using overnight polysomnography (PSG) and left ventricular (LV) scar using cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) with late-gadolinium enhancement (LGE) in a community based cohort of the Multi-ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA).

Methods: Our analytical sample includes 934 participants from the fifth examination of MESA who underwent both PSG and CMR. SDB was categorized as: no-SDB (apnea hypopnea index [AHI]<5), mild SDB (5≤AHI<15) and moderate-severe SDB (AHI≥15). LV scar was considered present if there was presence of scar on CMR (LGE>0%). Logistic regression with multivariable adjustment for confounders (age, sex, race/ethnicity, BMI, and cardiometabolic risk factors) was used to examine the independent association of SDB with LV scar. Confounders were identified using directed acyclic graphs.

Results: The mean age of our sample was 67.0 years (SD 8.5), with 49% (n=461) females, and a prevalence of SDB (AHI≥5) of 63% (n=590). LV scar was more prevalent in individuals with SDB (9.5%) vs. those without SDB (3.8%) (p<0.01), and 88% of all LV scars were clinically unrecognized. After multivariable adjustment, both mild SDB and moderate-severe SDB were independently associated with LV scar, OR 2.53 (95% CI 1.13-5.64) and OR 2.31 (95% CI 1.01-5.24), respectively.

Conclusion: In a community based cohort, SDB (including mild) is independently associated with over a two-fold increase in the odds of LV scar presence measured using CMR with LGE. A majority of the LV scars were clinically unrecognized. The impact of SDB treatment on subclinical MI needs to be investigated in future studies.

© 2020 American Academy of Sleep Medicine.

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Abstract

Abstract

BACKGROUND:

Sleep disorders have emerged as potential cancer risk factors.

OBJECTIVE:

This review discusses the relationships between sleep, obesity, and breathing disorders with concomitant risks of developing cancer.

RESULTS:

Sleep disorders result in an abnormal expression of clock genes, decreased immunity, and melatonin release disruption. Therefore, these disorders may contribute to cancer development. Moreover, in sleep breathing disorder, which are frequently experienced by the obese persons, the sufferer experiences intermittent hypoxia that may stimulate cancer cell proliferation.

DISCUSSION:

During short- or long- duration sleep, sleep-wake rhythm disruption may occur. Insomnia and obstructive sleep apnea increase cancer risks. In short sleepers, an increased risk of stomach cancer, esophageal squamous cell cancer, and breast cancer were observed. Among long sleepers (>9 hours), the risk of some hematologic malignancies is elevated.

CONCLUSION:

Several factors including insomnia, circadian disruption, obesity, and intermittent hypoxia in obstructive sleep apnea are contributing risk factors for increased risk of several types of cancers. However, further studies are needed to determine the more significant of these risk factors and their interactions.

Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers

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SuperDads – South African Judge orders Mast powered down on health reasons – Part 2 of 4

Continuing from part 1 in this 4 part segment, we discuss more into the health implications and explanation of the science, along with clarity into the biochemistry and biophysics.

This episode is interesting as I discuss how Clive taking supplements is actually a bad thing, along with him exercising in his current low REDOX state. That he should rather employ other solutions discussed, and once his leptin receptor is restored to being sensitive and his REDOX potential is up, can he perform exercising again.

We also cover how some of the intuitive actions Clive was taking and his sleep Apnea, were defence mechanisms to protecting his health.

This interview has been divided into four (4) parts. Each segment having a different theme. The purpose of the segments is to have everything discussed straight from the Clive’s experience, along with his advice to legal professionals and the lay public. So stay tuned, subscribe on Facebook Niche Radio, Superdads or my site jameslech.co.za

To receive the latest episodes as they are released. This episode covers Clive, his story and the onset of the legal process.

Disclaimer: the show has a compilation of technical scientific and legal wording, but there are layman summary explanations as well.

All contained within a zip file -Court papers filed, and court order

NOTE: We are still awaiting the Court transcript. Once they are received we will publish them in a new post. Be sure to subscribe in order to receive them.

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