Highlights

• We find that the literature on green 5G and future mobile networks is dominated by small-scale, single technology assessments.

• We find a lack of up-to-date, publicly available whole network level assessments of the energy use implications of 5G.

• We find that the embodied energy use and indirect energy use effects of 5G have been largely overlooked in this literature.

• Insufficient attention has been paid to 5G-driven user behaviour changes and the prevention of rebound effects.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1364032121012958

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