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	<title>Fertility Archives - EMFSA</title>
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	<title>Fertility Archives - EMFSA</title>
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	<item>
		<title>EMFSA June 2026 EMF Research Report</title>
		<link>https://www.emfsa.co.za/news/emfsa-june-2026-emf-research-report/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Editor]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 30 Jun 2026 12:38:53 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[News]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Data Centres]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Fertility]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Light]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[RF-EMF]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[SAA]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.emfsa.co.za/?p=31513</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>The South Atlantic Anomaly (SAA) &#8211; what is it? EMFSA June 2026 EMF Research Report Topics United States Maine  Maine would have been the first US state to introduce a moratorium on the construction of large data centres but the bill was vetoed by the governor. New York On 4 June 2026, the New York [&#8230;]</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://www.emfsa.co.za/news/emfsa-june-2026-emf-research-report/">EMFSA June 2026 EMF Research Report</a> appeared first on <a href="https://www.emfsa.co.za">EMFSA</a>.</p>
]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[
<h1 class="wp-block-heading">The South Atlantic Anomaly (SAA) &#8211; what is it?</h1>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">EMFSA June 2026 EMF Research Report Topics</p>



<ul class="wp-block-list">
<li>The South Atlantic Anomaly (SAA) and why it matters for South Africa.</li>
</ul>



<ul class="wp-block-list">
<li>An article “<em>5G Specters: Three Disclosures from the Otherworld</em>” by Brett Mommersteeg and Nona Schulte-Römer Reference: Mommersteeg, B., &amp; Schulte-Römer, N. (2025). 5G Specters: Three Disclosures from the Otherworld. Social Analysis, 69(4), 23–48. <br><a href="https://us.list-manage.com/vOLaYwcFzyn?e=04e875f8a8&amp;c2id=2d5440215a07c90317ad8f8715f1ce8e"><strong>https://doi.org/10.3167/sa.2025.690402</strong></a><br></li>
</ul>



<ul class="wp-block-list">
<li>A recent study investigating  radio-frequency electromagnetic field (RF-EMF) exposure across New York City.<strong> </strong>Reference: Arno Thielens, Salvatore Davi, Sassama Hema, Ricardo Toledo-Crow, Urban radio-frequency electromagnetic field exposure in New York City, Environmental Research, Volume 306, Part 1, 2026, 125040. <a href="https://us.list-manage.com/10ZvPA09G1y?e=04e875f8a8&amp;c2id=2d5440215a07c90317ad8f8715f1ce8e"><strong>https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2026.125040</strong></a></li>
</ul>



<ul class="wp-block-list">
<li>D<strong>ata Centres</strong></li>
</ul>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><strong>United States</strong></p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><strong>Maine </strong></p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><strong>Maine</strong> would have been the first US state to introduce a moratorium on the construction of large data centres but the bill was vetoed by the governor.</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><strong>New York</strong></p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">On 4 June 2026, the <strong>New York Legislature </strong>passed the Responsible Data Center Development Act (A11560/S10642). Will it become law?&nbsp;</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><strong>South Africa</strong></p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">What are the approval processes for data centres in South Africa?</p>



<ul class="wp-block-list">
<li><strong>Fertility</strong></li>
</ul>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Multiple modern environmental exposures—including <strong>RF-EMF</strong> and <strong>circadian-light disruption</strong>—deserve continued investigation as potential influences on <strong>reproductive health</strong>. </p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><strong>Ovulation, sperm quality, endometriosis, polycystic ovary syndrome, pregnancy outcomes, and developmental programming</strong>:</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">In the <strong>Circadian-Light-Hygiene hypothesis</strong>, the authors propose that daily light exposure is a fundamental regulator of reproductive health. </p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Reference: Gubin, D.; Stefani, O.; Cornelissen, G.; Touitou, Y. The Circadian-Light-Hygiene Hypothesis: A Potential Modulator of Fertility and Birthrate Trends. Biology 2026, 15, 1023. <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/biology15131023"><strong>https://doi.org/10.3390/biology15131023</strong></a></p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">EMFSA June 2026 EMF Research Report link <a href="https://mailchi.mp/emfsa/emfsa-june-2026-newsletter"><strong>https://mailchi.mp/emfsa/emfsa-june-2026-newsletter</strong></a></p>



<figure class="wp-block-embed is-type-wp-embed is-provider-emfsa wp-block-embed-emfsa"><div class="wp-block-embed__wrapper">
<blockquote class="wp-embedded-content" data-secret="L6S37mGC8t"><a href="https://www.emfsa.co.za/news/emfsa-may-2026-newsletter-highlights/">EMFSA May 2026 Newsletter Highlights </a></blockquote><iframe class="wp-embedded-content" sandbox="allow-scripts" security="restricted"  title="“EMFSA May 2026 Newsletter Highlights ” — EMFSA" src="https://www.emfsa.co.za/news/emfsa-may-2026-newsletter-highlights/embed/#?secret=XLVq0x9gpb#?secret=L6S37mGC8t" data-secret="L6S37mGC8t" width="600" height="338" frameborder="0" marginwidth="0" marginheight="0" scrolling="no"></iframe>
</div></figure>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-full is-resized"><img fetchpriority="high" decoding="async" width="595" height="209" src="https://www.emfsa.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2026/06/EMFSA-LOGO-1.jpg" alt="Electromagnetic Fields South Africa (EMFSA) logo in white and green letters on a background depicting telecommunication systems" class="wp-image-31211" style="aspect-ratio:2.8471028037383177;width:329px;height:auto" srcset="https://www.emfsa.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2026/06/EMFSA-LOGO-1.jpg 595w, https://www.emfsa.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2026/06/EMFSA-LOGO-1-300x105.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 595px) 100vw, 595px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption"><strong>Electromagnetic Fields South Africa (EMFSA) logo</strong></figcaption></figure>
<p>The post <a href="https://www.emfsa.co.za/news/emfsa-june-2026-emf-research-report/">EMFSA June 2026 EMF Research Report</a> appeared first on <a href="https://www.emfsa.co.za">EMFSA</a>.</p>
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			</item>
		<item>
		<title>EMFSA April 2025 Newsletter</title>
		<link>https://www.emfsa.co.za/news/emfsa-april-2025-newsletter/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Editor]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 29 Apr 2025 08:14:40 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[News]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Cancer]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[ELF-EMF]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Fertility]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Pregnancy]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[RFR]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.emfsa.co.za/?p=29616</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>In our EMFSA April 2025 Newsletter, we explore major new developments in EMF research. This month’s highlights include: RF-EMF and Cancer: Systematic Review Published Digitally created image used in the EMFSA April 2025 Newsletter, showing a lab setup with a rodent, cell phone, and microscope—representing experimental RF-EMF health impact studies. A long-awaited, just-published Systematic Review [&#8230;]</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://www.emfsa.co.za/news/emfsa-april-2025-newsletter/">EMFSA April 2025 Newsletter</a> appeared first on <a href="https://www.emfsa.co.za">EMFSA</a>.</p>
]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[
<h5 class="wp-block-heading has-text-align-left">In our EMFSA <strong>April 2025 Newsletter</strong>, we explore major new developments in EMF research. This month’s highlights include:</h5>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><strong>RF-EMF and Cancer: Systematic Review Published</strong></p>



<div class="wp-block-media-text is-stacked-on-mobile"><figure class="wp-block-media-text__media"><img decoding="async" width="1024" height="1024" src="https://www.emfsa.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/RFR-Cancer-Research.png" alt="" class="wp-image-29628 size-full" srcset="https://www.emfsa.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/RFR-Cancer-Research.png 1024w, https://www.emfsa.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/RFR-Cancer-Research-300x300.png 300w, https://www.emfsa.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/RFR-Cancer-Research-150x150.png 150w, https://www.emfsa.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/RFR-Cancer-Research-768x768.png 768w" sizes="(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /></figure><div class="wp-block-media-text__content">
<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Digitally created image used in the EMFSA April 2025 Newsletter, showing a lab setup with a rodent, cell phone, and microscope—representing experimental RF-EMF health impact studies.</p>
</div></div>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br>A long-awaited, just-published Systematic Review (<strong>pre-proof</strong>) strengthens support for the 2011 International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) classification of RF-EMF as a possible human carcinogen.  The Review concluded that<strong> RF EMF exposure increases the incidence of cancer in experimental animals.</strong></p>



<p class="has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph"><strong>Fertility</strong></p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">•<strong>RF-EMF and Male Fertility: WHO Priority Topic Update</strong><br>We review a recent corrigendum to a 2024 study on RF-EMF exposure and male fertility, clarifying and updating key findings.</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><strong>A Valid Question</strong></p>



<blockquote class="wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow">
<p class="wp-block-paragraph">&#8220;T<em>o date, the authors of three systematic reviews (SRs) have issued corrigenda after publication to correct significant errors. How many more significant errors or major problems will be uncovered by the authors or by critical readers of the 12 WHO SRs</em>?&#8221; — <em>Joel M. Moskowitz, PhD</em></p>
</blockquote>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">• <strong>LF-EMF and Pregnancy Risks </strong><br>New findings suggest that LF-EMF exposure may affect the peri-implantation period, potentially increasing the risk of pregnancy loss. Many women may unknowingly undergo physical therapies involving electromagnetic fields during this critical stage.<br><em>(Reference: Franczak et al., 2025)</em></p>



<p class="has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph"><strong>General</strong></p>



<p class="has-text-align-left wp-block-paragraph">• <strong>Policy Changes and Legal Battles </strong><br>UK: 2017 ECC regulatory changes have unintentionally triggered a surge in mast site litigation. We examine the consequences.</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">• <strong>Emerging Insurance Risks in the 6G Era </strong><br>With commercial 6G networks projected by 2029–2030, how will new EMF exposures impact insurance markets and risk assessment?</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">• <strong>Research Funding Opportunity: FSM 2025 Call </strong><br>The Swiss Research Foundation for Electricity and Mobile Communication (FSM) is offering CHF 150,000 in 2025 for research investigating high-frequency electromagnetic fields from new satellite communication technologies.</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">• <strong>Pediatric Thyroid Cancer: New Risk Factors Identified</strong><br>A new Yale-led study links early-life exposure to fine particle air pollution (PM2.5) and outdoor artificial light at night to increased risk of pediatric thyroid cancer.</p>



<h6 class="wp-block-heading">Link to the EMFSA April 2025 Newsletter <a href="https://mailchi.mp/emfsa/rf-emf-cancer-fertility-6g-insurance">https://mailchi.mp/emfsa/rf-emf-cancer-fertility-6g-insurance</a></h6>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"> We send our newsletter only once a month. Want to stay updated? Subscribe today! Newsletter<a href="https://www.emfsa.co.za/newsletter/"> &#8211; EMFSA</a></p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"></p>
<p>The post <a href="https://www.emfsa.co.za/news/emfsa-april-2025-newsletter/">EMFSA April 2025 Newsletter</a> appeared first on <a href="https://www.emfsa.co.za">EMFSA</a>.</p>
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		<title>Impact of sleep patterns upon female neuroendocrinology and reproductive outcomes: a comprehensive review</title>
		<link>https://www.emfsa.co.za/research-and-studies/impact-of-sleep-patterns-upon-female-neuroendocrinology-and-reproductive-outcomes-a-comprehensive-review/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Editor]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 21 Jan 2022 04:53:19 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Research and Studies]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Circadian Rhythm]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Fertility]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Infertility]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Neuroendocrinology]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Reproduction]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Reproductive Hormones]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Sleep]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Sleep disturbances]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.emfsa.co.za/?p=26090</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>Beroukhim G, Esencan E, Seifer DB. Impact of sleep patterns upon female neuroendocrinology and reproductive outcomes: a comprehensive review. Reprod Biol Endocrinol. 2022 Jan 18;20(1):16. doi: 10.1186/s12958-022-00889-3. PMID: 35042515. Abstract Sleep is vital to human bodily function. Growing evidence indicates that sleep deprivation, disruption, dysrhythmia, and disorders are associated with impaired reproductive function and poor clinical outcomes [&#8230;]</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://www.emfsa.co.za/research-and-studies/impact-of-sleep-patterns-upon-female-neuroendocrinology-and-reproductive-outcomes-a-comprehensive-review/">Impact of sleep patterns upon female neuroendocrinology and reproductive outcomes: a comprehensive review</a> appeared first on <a href="https://www.emfsa.co.za">EMFSA</a>.</p>
]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[
<p class="wp-block-paragraph" style="font-size:14px">Beroukhim G, Esencan E, Seifer DB. Impact of sleep patterns upon female neuroendocrinology and reproductive outcomes: a comprehensive review. Reprod Biol Endocrinol. 2022 Jan 18;20(1):16. doi: 10.1186/s12958-022-00889-3. PMID: 35042515.</p>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading" style="font-size:14px">Abstract</h2>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph" style="font-size:14px">Sleep is vital to human bodily function. Growing evidence indicates that sleep deprivation, disruption, dysrhythmia, and disorders are associated with impaired reproductive function and poor clinical outcomes in women. These associations are largely mediated by molecular-genetic and hormonal pathways, which are crucial for the complex and time sensitive processes of hormone synthesis/secretion, folliculogenesis, ovulation, fertilization, implantation, and menstruation. Pathologic sleep patterns are closely linked to menstrual irregularity, polycystic ovarian syndrome, premature ovarian insufficiency, sub/infertility, and early pregnancy loss. Measures of success with assisted reproductive technology are also lower among women who engage in shift work, or experience sleep disruption or short sleep duration. Extremes of sleep duration, poor sleep quality, sleep disordered breathing, and shift work are also associated with several harmful conditions in pregnancy, including gestational diabetes and hypertensive disorders. While accumulating evidence implicates pathologic sleep patterns in impaired reproductive function and poor reproductive outcomes, additional research is needed to determine causality and propose therapeutic interventions. </p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph" style="font-size:14px"><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35042515/">https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35042515/</a></p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph" style="font-size:14px">© 2022. The Author(s).</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://www.emfsa.co.za/research-and-studies/impact-of-sleep-patterns-upon-female-neuroendocrinology-and-reproductive-outcomes-a-comprehensive-review/">Impact of sleep patterns upon female neuroendocrinology and reproductive outcomes: a comprehensive review</a> appeared first on <a href="https://www.emfsa.co.za">EMFSA</a>.</p>
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		<title>Circadian Rhythms Within the Female HPG Axis: From Physiology to Etiology</title>
		<link>https://www.emfsa.co.za/research-and-studies/circadian-rhythms-within-the-female-hpg-axis-from-physiology-to-etiology/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Editor]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 12 Jul 2021 10:52:39 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Research and Studies]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Chronobiology]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Circadian Rhythm]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Clock genes]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Female Reproductive Disorders]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Fertility]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Hypothalamic–Pituitary–Gonadal Axis]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Light]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[SCN]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Zeitgebers]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.emfsa.co.za/?p=21744</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>Shuyi Shao, Huanqiang Zhao, Zhiying Lu, Xiaohong Lei, Ying Zhang, Circadian Rhythms Within the Female HPG Axis: From Physiology to Etiology,&#160;Endocrinology, Volume 162, Issue 8, August 2021, bqab117,&#160;https://doi.org/10.1210/endocr/bqab117 Abstract Declining female fertility has become a global health concern. It results partially from an abnormal circadian clock caused by unhealthy diet and sleep habits in modern [&#8230;]</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://www.emfsa.co.za/research-and-studies/circadian-rhythms-within-the-female-hpg-axis-from-physiology-to-etiology/">Circadian Rhythms Within the Female HPG Axis: From Physiology to Etiology</a> appeared first on <a href="https://www.emfsa.co.za">EMFSA</a>.</p>
]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[
<p class="wp-block-paragraph" style="font-size:14px">Shuyi Shao, Huanqiang Zhao, Zhiying Lu, Xiaohong Lei, Ying Zhang, Circadian Rhythms Within the Female HPG Axis: From Physiology to Etiology,&nbsp;<em>Endocrinology</em>, Volume 162, Issue 8, August 2021, bqab117,&nbsp;<a href="https://doi.org/10.1210/endocr/bqab117">https://doi.org/10.1210/endocr/bqab117</a></p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph" style="font-size:14px">Abstract</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph" style="font-size:14px">Declining female fertility has become a global health concern. It results partially from an abnormal circadian clock caused by unhealthy diet and sleep habits in modern life. The circadian clock system is a hierarchical network consisting of central and peripheral clocks. It not only controls the sleep–wake and feeding–fasting cycles but also coordinates and maintains the required reproductive activities in the body. Physiologically, the reproductive processes are governed by the hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal (HPG) axis in a time-dependent manner. The HPG axis releases hormones, generates female characteristics, and achieves fertility. Conversely, an abnormal daily rhythm caused by aberrant clock genes or abnormal environmental stimuli contributes to disorders of the female reproductive system, such as polycystic ovarian syndrome and premature ovarian insufficiency. Therefore, breaking the “time code” of the female reproductive system is crucial. In this paper, we review the interplay between circadian clocks and the female reproductive system and present its regulatory principles, moving from normal physiology regulation to disease etiology.</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph" style="font-size:14px">Extract only, for the full study<a href=" https://academic.oup.com/endo/article/162/8/bqab117/6298422"> https://academic.oup.com/endo/article/162/8/bqab117/6298422</a></p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Remaining Questions and Future Direction</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph" style="font-size:14px">The normal routine of working at sunrise and resting at sunset has been gradually eroded in the social development process. Instead, high-intensity working patterns along with consequent eating and sleeping disorders and other “modern diseases” are becoming the main theme of daily life. Therefore, larger population studies are needed to characterize this remolding of the circadian rhythm. On this basis, chronobiology can help reverse poor physical conditions and improve existing treatment methods.</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph" style="font-size:14px">As early as 1994, the United Nations highlighted the importance of reproductive health in human development. The decline in female fertility resulting from abnormal circadian rhythms caused by unhealthy diet and sleep habits in modern life has become a global health concern (<a href="javascript:;">124</a>,&nbsp;<a href="javascript:;">125</a>). Therefore, breaking the “time code” of the female reproductive system is an urgent task. Despite a large number of studies at present, most studies confine the role of a certain clock gene to a specific cell. As the female reproductive system is by no means a simple superposition of cells and tissues, future chronobiology studies are encouraged from a holistic perspective. Furthermore, constructing and improving the circadian clock network of the female reproductive system is needed to help determine biomarkers that could detect and diagnose circadian rhythm disturbances.</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph" style="font-size:14px"><a href="https://academic.oup.com/endo/article/162/8/bqab117/6298422">https://academic.oup.com/endo/article/162/8/bqab117/6298422</a></p>
<p>The post <a href="https://www.emfsa.co.za/research-and-studies/circadian-rhythms-within-the-female-hpg-axis-from-physiology-to-etiology/">Circadian Rhythms Within the Female HPG Axis: From Physiology to Etiology</a> appeared first on <a href="https://www.emfsa.co.za">EMFSA</a>.</p>
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		<title>Does the Use of Mobile Phone Affect Male Fertility? A Mini-Review</title>
		<link>https://www.emfsa.co.za/research-and-studies/does-the-use-of-mobile-phone-affect-male-fertility-a-mini-review/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Editor]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 02 May 2021 09:19:40 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Research and Studies]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Animal Studies]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Fertility]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Human Studies]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Male Fertility]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Non-thermal]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Oxidative Stress]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Spermatozoa]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Thermal]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Wireless]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.emfsa.co.za/?p=20736</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>Okechukwu CE. Does the Use of Mobile Phone Affect Male Fertility? A Mini-Review. Journal of Human Reproductive Sciences. 2020 Jul-Sep;13(3):174-183. DOI: 10.4103/jhrs.jhrs_126_19. Abstract Presently, there is a rise in the use of mobile phones, laptops, and wireless internet technologies such as Wi-Fi and 5G routers/modems across the globe; these devices emit a considerable amount of [&#8230;]</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://www.emfsa.co.za/research-and-studies/does-the-use-of-mobile-phone-affect-male-fertility-a-mini-review/">Does the Use of Mobile Phone Affect Male Fertility? A Mini-Review</a> appeared first on <a href="https://www.emfsa.co.za">EMFSA</a>.</p>
]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[
<p class="wp-block-paragraph" style="font-size:14px"><strong>Okechukwu CE. Does the Use of Mobile Phone Affect Male Fertility? A Mini-Review. Journal of Human Reproductive Sciences. 2020 Jul-Sep;13(3):174-183. DOI: 10.4103/jhrs.jhrs_126_19.</strong></p>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="id604164title" style="font-size:14px">Abstract</h2>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph" id="id604165" style="font-size:14px">Presently, there is a rise in the use of mobile phones, laptops, and wireless internet technologies such as Wi-Fi and 5G routers/modems across the globe; these devices emit a considerable amount of electromagnetic radiation (EMR) which could interact with the male reproductive system either by thermal or nonthermal mechanisms. The aim of this review was to examine the effects of mobile phone use on male fertility. Related studies that reported on the effects of EMR from mobile phones on male fertility from 2003 to 2020 were evaluated. PubMed database was used. The Medical Subject Heading system was used to extract relevant research studies from PubMed. Based on the outcomes of both human and animal studies analyzed in this review, animal and human spermatozoa exposed to EMR emitted by mobile phones had reduced motility, structural anomalies, and increased oxidative stress due to overproduction of reactive oxygen species. Scrotal hyperthermia and increased oxidative stress might be the key mechanisms through which EMR affects male fertility. However, these negative effects appear to be associated with the duration of mobile phone use.</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph" style="font-size:14px">Excerpt</p>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading" id="sec2-1title" style="font-size:14px">Recent findings from human experimentation</h3>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph" id="id604396" style="font-size:14px">Long-term exposure to EMR emitted by mobile phones and Wi-Fi devices, might play a role in male infertility because of an increased production of ROS in exposed cells [Figures&nbsp;<a href="https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC7727890/figure/F2/">​[Figures22</a>&#8211;<a href="https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC7727890/figure/F5/">​-55</a>].[<a href="https://europepmc.org/article/MED/33311902#ref16">16</a>]</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph" style="font-size:14px"><a href="https://europepmc.org/article/MED/33311902">https://europepmc.org/article/MED/33311902</a></p>
<p>The post <a href="https://www.emfsa.co.za/research-and-studies/does-the-use-of-mobile-phone-affect-male-fertility-a-mini-review/">Does the Use of Mobile Phone Affect Male Fertility? A Mini-Review</a> appeared first on <a href="https://www.emfsa.co.za">EMFSA</a>.</p>
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		<title>Impact of circadian rhythms on female reproduction and infertility treatment success</title>
		<link>https://www.emfsa.co.za/research-and-studies/impact-of-circadian-rhythms-on-female-reproduction-and-infertility-treatment-success/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Editor]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 21 Aug 2020 20:54:45 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Research and Studies]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Circadian Rhythm]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Fertility]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Miscarriage]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Pregnancy]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.emfsa.co.za/?p=15756</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>Mills J, Kuohung W. Impact of circadian rhythms on female reproduction and infertility treatment success. Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes. 2019;26(6):317-321. doi:10.1097/MED.0000000000000511 Abstract Purpose of review: In recent years, new studies have investigated the role and influence of sleep on female fertility and early pregnancy outcomes, providing a growing body of knowledge demonstrating how regulation by sleep [&#8230;]</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://www.emfsa.co.za/research-and-studies/impact-of-circadian-rhythms-on-female-reproduction-and-infertility-treatment-success/">Impact of circadian rhythms on female reproduction and infertility treatment success</a> appeared first on <a href="https://www.emfsa.co.za">EMFSA</a>.</p>
]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[
<p class="wp-block-paragraph" style="font-size:14px">Mills J, Kuohung W. Impact of circadian rhythms on female reproduction and infertility treatment success. <em>Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes</em>. 2019;26(6):317-321. doi:10.1097/MED.0000000000000511</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph" style="font-size:14px"><strong>Abstract</strong></p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph" style="font-size:14px"><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>In recent years, new studies have investigated the role and influence of sleep on female fertility and early pregnancy outcomes, providing a growing body of knowledge demonstrating how regulation by sleep of hormones are important to reproduction, and how disruptions in sleep, circadian rhythms, and genes regulating circadian rhythmicity can negatively impact fertility and early pregnancy outcomes. This review aims to summarize the most recent research on the relationship among circadian rhythms, fertility, and early pregnancy outcomes in women, and to explore possible fertility interventions.</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph" style="font-size:14px"><strong>Recent findings:&nbsp;</strong>Recent studies have found altered levels of FSH, LH, and prolactin with sleep disturbance or circadian dysrhythmia. Disruption of circadian rhythms in the form of shift work, jet lag, and daylight savings time changes have been associated with poorer fertility and early pregnancy outcomes. Alterations in the expression of circadian rhythm-regulating circadian locomotor output cycles kaput (CLOCK) genes have been associated with decreased fertility and increased rates of miscarriage.</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph" style="font-size:14px"><strong>Summary:&nbsp;</strong>Overall, undisrupted sleep and circadian rhythmicity appear to optimize fertility and early pregnancy outcomes and may play an important role in the success of fertility treatment.</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://www.emfsa.co.za/research-and-studies/impact-of-circadian-rhythms-on-female-reproduction-and-infertility-treatment-success/">Impact of circadian rhythms on female reproduction and infertility treatment success</a> appeared first on <a href="https://www.emfsa.co.za">EMFSA</a>.</p>
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		<title>Adverse Effects of Circadian Desynchrony on the Male Reproductive System: An Epidemiological and Experimental Study</title>
		<link>https://www.emfsa.co.za/research-and-studies/adverse-effects-of-circadian-desynchrony-on-the-male-reproductive-system-an-epidemiological-and-experimental-study/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Editor]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 05 Jul 2020 11:56:48 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Research and Studies]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Circadian Desynchrony]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Fertility]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Hormones]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Male Reproduction]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Reproduction]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Semen]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.emfsa.co.za/?p=14602</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>Liu K, Hou G, Wang X, et al. Adverse effects of circadian desynchrony on the male reproductive system: an epidemiological and experimental study [published online ahead of print, 2020 Jul 3]. Hum Reprod. 2020;deaa101. doi:10.1093/humrep/deaa101 Abstract Study question:&#160;Is circadian desynchrony a risk factor of male reproductive damage in semen parameters and/or reproductive hormones? Summary answer:&#160;Circadian desynchrony [&#8230;]</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://www.emfsa.co.za/research-and-studies/adverse-effects-of-circadian-desynchrony-on-the-male-reproductive-system-an-epidemiological-and-experimental-study/">Adverse Effects of Circadian Desynchrony on the Male Reproductive System: An Epidemiological and Experimental Study</a> appeared first on <a href="https://www.emfsa.co.za">EMFSA</a>.</p>
]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[
<p class="has-normal-font-size wp-block-paragraph">Liu K, Hou G, Wang X, et al. Adverse effects of circadian desynchrony on the male reproductive system: an epidemiological and experimental study [published online ahead of print, 2020 Jul 3]. <em>Hum Reprod</em>. 2020;deaa101. doi:10.1093/humrep/deaa101</p>



<p class="has-normal-font-size wp-block-paragraph">Abstract</p>



<p class="has-normal-font-size wp-block-paragraph"><strong>Study question:&nbsp;</strong>Is circadian desynchrony a risk factor of male reproductive damage in semen parameters and/or reproductive hormones?</p>



<p class="has-normal-font-size wp-block-paragraph"><strong>Summary answer:&nbsp;</strong>Circadian desynchrony correlates with decrease of sperm count, which was improved when circadian desynchrony was attenuated.</p>



<p class="has-normal-font-size wp-block-paragraph"><strong>What is known already: </strong>Circadian desynchrony caused by work (shift work) and non-work-related reasons is prevalent worldwide and has been found to be associated with decreased female fertility, but whether it harms male reproductive health is unclear.</p>



<p class="has-normal-font-size wp-block-paragraph">Extract:</p>



<p class="has-normal-font-size wp-block-paragraph"><strong>Limitations, reasons for caution: </strong>The study of human beings was observational while the animal study has potential difference in circadian desynchrony exposure and species susceptibility. Further researches are needed to clarify the causal relationship in men.</p>



<p class="has-normal-font-size wp-block-paragraph"><strong>Wider implications of the findings: </strong>These findings provide novel insight to the effect of circadian desynchrony on male reproductive health and a potential strategy for prevention of reproductive damage.</p>



<p class="has-normal-font-size wp-block-paragraph">© The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology.</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32619235/">https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32619235/</a></p>
<p>The post <a href="https://www.emfsa.co.za/research-and-studies/adverse-effects-of-circadian-desynchrony-on-the-male-reproductive-system-an-epidemiological-and-experimental-study/">Adverse Effects of Circadian Desynchrony on the Male Reproductive System: An Epidemiological and Experimental Study</a> appeared first on <a href="https://www.emfsa.co.za">EMFSA</a>.</p>
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		<title>BERENIS – The Swiss expert group  on electromagnetic fields and non-ionising radiation  Newsletter Nr. 19 / December 2019</title>
		<link>https://www.emfsa.co.za/research-and-studies/berenis-the-swiss-expert-group-on-electromagnetic-fields-and-non-ionising-radiation-newsletter-nr-19-december-2019/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Editor]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 01 Jan 2020 12:15:14 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Research and Studies]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[ADHD]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Adolescents]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[BERENIS]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[December 2019]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[EEG]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[ELF]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Fertility]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Mobile phones]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Newsletter]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Pregnancy]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Rats]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[RFR-EMF]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Swiss]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Thermal]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.emfsa.co.za/?p=11818</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>Link to the newsletter https://www.bafu.admin.ch/bafu/en/home/topics/electrosmog/newsletter-of-the-swiss-expert-group-on-electromagnetic-fields-a.html?fbclid=IwAR0sCx3qsqFWvXc-ArC2jkVlUpP6JctCMSW2LVDjs2T4dxYarlrbgAITvqY PDF Newsletter_BERENIS_Nr._19_-_ENGLISH (2)</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://www.emfsa.co.za/research-and-studies/berenis-the-swiss-expert-group-on-electromagnetic-fields-and-non-ionising-radiation-newsletter-nr-19-december-2019/">BERENIS – The Swiss expert group  on electromagnetic fields and non-ionising radiation  Newsletter Nr. 19 / December 2019</a> appeared first on <a href="https://www.emfsa.co.za">EMFSA</a>.</p>
]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Link to the newsletter</p>
<p><a href="https://www.bafu.admin.ch/bafu/en/home/topics/electrosmog/newsletter-of-the-swiss-expert-group-on-electromagnetic-fields-a.html?fbclid=IwAR0sCx3qsqFWvXc-ArC2jkVlUpP6JctCMSW2LVDjs2T4dxYarlrbgAITvqY">https://www.bafu.admin.ch/bafu/en/home/topics/electrosmog/newsletter-of-the-swiss-expert-group-on-electromagnetic-fields-a.html?fbclid=IwAR0sCx3qsqFWvXc-ArC2jkVlUpP6JctCMSW2LVDjs2T4dxYarlrbgAITvqY</a></p>
<p>PDF</p>
<p><a href="https://www.emfsa.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2020/01/Newsletter_BERENIS_Nr._19_-_ENGLISH-2.pdf">Newsletter_BERENIS_Nr._19_-_ENGLISH (2)</a></p>
<p>The post <a href="https://www.emfsa.co.za/research-and-studies/berenis-the-swiss-expert-group-on-electromagnetic-fields-and-non-ionising-radiation-newsletter-nr-19-december-2019/">BERENIS – The Swiss expert group  on electromagnetic fields and non-ionising radiation  Newsletter Nr. 19 / December 2019</a> appeared first on <a href="https://www.emfsa.co.za">EMFSA</a>.</p>
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		<title>Dr Fiorella Belpoggi: 3rd International Forum of Protection from Electromagnetic Environmental Pollution Kraków</title>
		<link>https://www.emfsa.co.za/videos/dr-fiorella-belpoggi-3rd-international-forum-of-protection-from-electromagnetic-environmental-pollution-krakow/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Editor]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 23 Nov 2018 12:30:47 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Videos]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Cancer]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Cardiac]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Environmental Health]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Fertility]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[IARC]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Industry]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Nervous System]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Pregnancy]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.emfsa.co.za/?p=6691</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>A selection of slides from Dr Belpoggi&#8217;s presentation:</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://www.emfsa.co.za/videos/dr-fiorella-belpoggi-3rd-international-forum-of-protection-from-electromagnetic-environmental-pollution-krakow/">Dr Fiorella Belpoggi: 3rd International Forum of Protection from Electromagnetic Environmental Pollution Kraków</a> appeared first on <a href="https://www.emfsa.co.za">EMFSA</a>.</p>
]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><iframe loading="lazy" width="1150" height="647" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/9vjZdRSu4u0?feature=oembed" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen></iframe></p>
<p>A selection of slides from Dr Belpoggi&#8217;s presentation:</p>
<p><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="aligncenter wp-image-6693 size-full" src="https://www.emfsa.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/R-1.jpg" alt="" width="640" height="360" srcset="https://www.emfsa.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/R-1.jpg 640w, https://www.emfsa.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/R-1-300x169.jpg 300w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px" /></p>
<p><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="aligncenter wp-image-6694 size-full" src="https://www.emfsa.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/R-2.jpg" alt="" width="640" height="360" srcset="https://www.emfsa.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/R-2.jpg 640w, https://www.emfsa.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/R-2-300x169.jpg 300w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px" /></p>
<p><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="aligncenter wp-image-6696 size-full" src="https://www.emfsa.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/R-20.jpg" alt="" width="640" height="360" srcset="https://www.emfsa.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/R-20.jpg 640w, https://www.emfsa.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/R-20-300x169.jpg 300w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px" /></p>
<p><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="aligncenter wp-image-6697 size-full" src="https://www.emfsa.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/R-21.jpg" alt="" width="640" height="360" srcset="https://www.emfsa.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/R-21.jpg 640w, https://www.emfsa.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/R-21-300x169.jpg 300w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px" /></p>
<p><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="aligncenter wp-image-6698 size-full" src="https://www.emfsa.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/R-22.jpg" alt="" width="640" height="360" srcset="https://www.emfsa.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/R-22.jpg 640w, https://www.emfsa.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/R-22-300x169.jpg 300w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px" /></p>
<p>The post <a href="https://www.emfsa.co.za/videos/dr-fiorella-belpoggi-3rd-international-forum-of-protection-from-electromagnetic-environmental-pollution-krakow/">Dr Fiorella Belpoggi: 3rd International Forum of Protection from Electromagnetic Environmental Pollution Kraków</a> appeared first on <a href="https://www.emfsa.co.za">EMFSA</a>.</p>
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		<title>Audio: Martin Pall &#8211; How Dangerous is Non-Ionizing Radiation</title>
		<link>https://www.emfsa.co.za/news/audio-martin-pall-how-dangerous-is-non-ionizing-radiation/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Editor]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 15 Aug 2018 11:29:34 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[News]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Anxiety]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Concentration]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Depression]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[EMF]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Fatigue]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Fertility]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Memory]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Neuropsychiatric]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Non-Ionizing]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Pall]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[radiation]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Sllep]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.emfsa.co.za/?p=5666</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>By &#8216;Your Own Health and Fitness&#8217; Audio: Martin Pall, PhD, Professor Emeritus of Biochemistry and Basic Medical Sciences at Washington State University and author of Explaining Unexplained Illnesses, discusses his review article about the harm caused by non-ionizing radiation and the failure of scientists and regulators such as the FCC to prevent that harm.</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://www.emfsa.co.za/news/audio-martin-pall-how-dangerous-is-non-ionizing-radiation/">Audio: Martin Pall &#8211; How Dangerous is Non-Ionizing Radiation</a> appeared first on <a href="https://www.emfsa.co.za">EMFSA</a>.</p>
]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>By &#8216;<span class="">Your Own Health and Fitness&#8217;</span> Audio: Martin Pall, PhD, Professor Emeritus of Biochemistry and Basic Medical Sciences at Washington State University and author of Explaining Unexplained Illnesses, discusses his review article about the harm caused by non-ionizing radiation and the failure of scientists and regulators such as the FCC to prevent that harm.</p>
<blockquote class="wp-embedded-content" data-secret="2ql5d7bs3V"><p><a href="https://kpfa.org/episode/your-own-health-and-fitness-august-14-2018/">How Dangerous is Non-ioniziing Radiation?</a></p></blockquote>
<p><iframe loading="lazy" class="wp-embedded-content" sandbox="allow-scripts" security="restricted"  src="https://kpfa.org/episode/your-own-health-and-fitness-august-14-2018/embed/#?secret=2ql5d7bs3V" data-secret="2ql5d7bs3V" width="600" height="338" title="&#8220;How Dangerous is Non-ioniziing Radiation?&#8221; &#8212; KPFA" frameborder="0" marginwidth="0" marginheight="0" scrolling="no"></iframe></p>
<p><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="aligncenter wp-image-5668 size-full" src="https://www.emfsa.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/Martin_Pall.png" alt="" width="186" height="257" /></p>
<p>The post <a href="https://www.emfsa.co.za/news/audio-martin-pall-how-dangerous-is-non-ionizing-radiation/">Audio: Martin Pall &#8211; How Dangerous is Non-Ionizing Radiation</a> appeared first on <a href="https://www.emfsa.co.za">EMFSA</a>.</p>
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